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Author SHA1 Message Date
Tarik Moussa
f50ef4a305 Phase 9b: Hyper-ideal Hessian — block-FD optimisation (96× speed-up)
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Replaces the O(n·F) full-FD Hessian with an O(F·36) block-local variant
that exploits the per-face locality of the hyper-ideal functional.  Both
variants are kept (full-FD as correctness reference, block-FD as default)
and proven to match to FD rounding tolerance on all test configurations.

Java parity note
────────────────
HyperIdealFunctional.java line 295-298 declares:
    public boolean hasHessian() { return false; }
i.e. the upstream Java functional has NO Hessian implementation, analytic
or numerical.  Both Hessian variants in this file are conformallab++
extensions beyond the Java port.  Analytic Hessian via Schläfli-type
differentiation through (b_i, a_e) → l_ij → ζ_13/ζ_14/ζ_15 → α_ij/β_i
is deferred to a future PR.

Implementation
──────────────
* code/include/hyper_ideal_functional.hpp
  - New pure-math helper face_angles_from_local_dofs() takes 6 input DOFs
    (b1, b2, b3, a12, a23, a31) + variability flags and returns the 6
    output angles (β1, β2, β3, α12, α23, α31).
  - Used by block-FD Hessian as the inner loop; identical semantics to
    the existing compute_face_angles().

* code/include/hyper_ideal_hessian.hpp
  - hyper_ideal_hessian_block_fd()  — new, default production path
  - hyper_ideal_hessian_block_fd_sym() — symmetrised variant
  - hyper_ideal_hessian()  — full-FD baseline, kept for cross-validation
  - hyper_ideal_hessian_sym() — symmetrised baseline
  - Header docblock documents speed-up curve: ~33× at cathead.obj scale,
    ~1166× at brezel.obj scale.

Tests (7 new in test_hyper_ideal_hessian.cpp)
─────────────────────────────────────────────
* PureHelperMatchesMeshHelper — refactor sanity
* BlockFD_MatchesFullFD_ClosedTetrahedron
* BlockFD_MatchesFullFD_Open3FaceMesh (boundary edge path)
* BlockFD_MatchesFullFD_PinnedDOFs    (partial-DOF path)
* BlockFD_IsPSD                       (Springborn 2020 convexity)
* BlockFD_SparsityMatchesFaceAdjacency (structural correctness)
* BlockFD_FasterThanFullFD           (performance assertion: ≥ 3×)

Measured speed-up on the 200-face tet strip (603 DOFs):
    full-FD:   226 591 µs
    block-FD:    2 347 µs
    ratio:        96.5×
The assertion uses ≥ 3× to leave wide CI-hardware tolerance.

Test count
──────────
CGAL suite: 184 → 191 (+7).  Zero skips.

Why not full analytic now
─────────────────────────
Full analytic Hessian via the chain rule
    (b_i, a_e) → l_ij → ζ_{13,14,15} → α_ij / β_i
requires Schläfli-type differentiation with multiple cases for the
ideal / hyper-ideal vertex mix.  It would add another ~6× over
block-FD but at significantly higher implementation and verification
cost.  Block-FD already removes the practical bottleneck for meshes
up to ~10k faces; analytic optimisation can land later when justified
by a concrete profiling result.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-21 20:58:33 +02:00
Tarik Moussa
3f124eb071 feat(phase4): HyperIdeal Newton solver, SparseQR fallback, examples, docs
Phase 4 complete — 87 CGAL tests pass, 2 skipped.

Newton solver (phase4a):
- hyper_ideal_hessian.hpp: symmetric FD Hessian (O(ε²), PSD by convexity)
- newton_hyper_ideal(): Newton + backtracking for the HyperIdeal functional
- detail::solve_with_fallback(): optional bool* fallback_used parameter
- solve_linear_system(): public API exposing LDLT→SparseQR fallback

SparseQR fallback tests (SparseQRFallback.*):
- FullRankSystem_CorrectSolution: LDLT path, fallback_used=false
- SingularMatrix_FallbackActivated: zero-pivot → QR activated, fallback_used=true
- Euclidean_ClosedMeshNoPinConverges: gauge-mode null space handled via QR

HyperIdeal Newton tests (NewtonSolver.HyperIdeal_*):
- ConvergesTriangleAllVariable, ResultFieldsConsistent,
  ConvergesTetrahedron, SparseQRFallbackNoCrash
- Natural-target base point (b=1.0, a=0.5) — x=0 is degenerate in log-space

Pipeline tests (test_pipeline.cpp):
- End-to-end: all three geometries, mesh I/O round-trip, solve+export

Example programs (code/examples/):
- example_euclidean.cpp:   headless Euclidean pipeline
- example_hyper_ideal.cpp: headless HyperIdeal pipeline
- example_viewer.cpp:      interactive libigl viewer with jet colour map

README:
- Mathematical scope table: C++ vs Java original (18 rows)
- "For mathematicians" section: mental model, step-by-step new-functional
  guide, half-edge traversal snippets, recommended reading

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-13 00:11:25 +02:00